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International

What central banks can do when shocks come from outside

Central bank responses to shocks from abroad

External shocks—ranging from commodity-price spikes, wars, and pandemics to foreign monetary tightening and sudden stops of capital—pose immediate and diverse challenges for central banks. The appropr...

Economy

Why are return policies so generous in many U.S. retail stores?

The challenge of retail scalability in Istanbul’s unique neighborhoods

Istanbul is a megacity of contrasts: dense historic cores, high-tourist corridors, modern business districts, sprawling suburban neighborhoods, and two continents linked by ferries...

Investments and Business

How are demographic shifts changing consumer demand patterns for businesses?

Demographic shifts and their effect on consumer demand for businesses

Grasping Evolving Demographics and Shifting Consumer NeedsDemographic shifts refer to evolving patterns in population size, composition, and traits over time, and factors such as aging communities, new generations joining the labor market, urban growth, migration, and transformin...